The genus mentha a decrease in cucumber root membrane potential vm hyperpolarization of 10 to 3 mv, whereas concentrations from 100 to 900 ppm caused an increasing depolarization of vm from 5 to 110 mv figure 2. Mentha species are used for their flavouring and medicinal properties widely throughout different countries of the world. Mentha simple english wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Heracleum latent virus, placing it in the genus vitivirus. Pdf chemical composition and biological activities of mentha. Doublestranded rna and virion isolations revealed the presence of three viruses in a variegataplant. This book presents an indepth look at the genus mentha, examining its history and production, as well as its medicinal and nutritional uses. Lycopus flowers are white with only 2 stamens, however, and the leaves are not aromatic when crushed. Desirable oil characteristics and resistance to the fungal disease verticillium wilt are top priorities for the mint industry. However, cultivated mints have complex polyploid genomes and are sterile. The genus mentha for thousands of years mint has enjoyed an honored place in pharmacopoeias and kitchen cupboards in india. Mentha is also found in the essential oils of other members of the mint family mentha spp.
Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Propagation of mint plants background about the mint genus. The mentha species are herbaceous plants, mainly cultivated for their aromatic, condimentary and medicinal properties. Spearmint, also known as garden mint, common mint, lamb mint and mackerel mint, is a species of mint, mentha spicata, native to europe and southern temperate asia, extending from ireland in the west to southern china in the east. Commercially, the most important mint species are spearmint mentha spicata, peppermint m. It is naturalized in many other temperate parts of the world, including northern and southern africa, north america and south america. The genus mentha is an invaluable companion for all those actively engaged in the research, cultivation, marketing, or product development of mint. The genus mint mentha belongs to the lamiaceae family and includes 42 species, 15 hybrids, and hundreds of subspecies, varieties, and. The genus mentha medicinal and aromatic plants industrial profiles 9780849307799. Mint is a fastgrowing, aromatic herb plant in the mentha genus.
All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Article pdf available in international research journal of pharmacy 28. The genus consists of approximately 25 species and rather fewer hybrids. Mint refers to species in the plant genus mentha, though a number of close. Mint is a member of the lamiaceae family of plants. The leaves are often covered in tiny hairs and have a serrated margin. Lamiaceae is distributed all over the world and can be found in many environments. The natural diversity of the oil composition among mentha suaveolens accessions is currently being investigated. Some of mint species with commercial and medicinal uses or, considered as weeds, are listed in table 1.
The herb, both in the recent and in the dried state, has a peculiar, penetrating, grateful odor. The genus mentha presents an indepth look at the genus, providing information on its history, production, chemical constituents, market trends, and medicinal and nutritional uses. Lawrence for thousands of years mint has enjoyed an honored place in pharmacopoeias and kitchen cupboards in india, china, europe, north america, and elsewhere. Essential oil composition of native spearmint mentha spicata from yakima valley growing area washington state, usa. Pharmacological and therapeutic effects of mentha longifolia. The morphology of mentha piperita and other species of mentha are discussed by eriksson in b. Now it is mostly cultivated in gardens and fields especially gardens in konkan. It also provides a complete industrial profile, including market size, geographical sources, export and import data, quality assessment, and use in a variety of industries such as cosmetic, consumer goods. Mentha article about mentha by the free dictionary. Use flowers and leaves fresh or dried in teas, beverages, jellies, syrups, candies, ice creams, lamb dishes, and mint sauce. Hybridization occurs naturally where some species range overlap.
Indeed, mint taxonomy is highly complex and there is not always a consensus. Menthyl acetate peltate trichome mentha species scotch spearmint. Corn mint is the richest source of natural menthol. Mints belong to the genus mentha and comprise approximately 20 species in the plant family lamiaceae and are growm for their leaves which are widely used as a flavoring. This page was last edited on 31 january 2020, at 11. With extensive information from internationally known experts in their field, mint. There are two that are especially good for growing indoors. Mint was introduced into the us from england around 1812 and was first grown in massachusetts. Mentha plant growing guide how to grow mint in the garden.
This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above. Peppermint is quite frequently contaminated with spearmint and in one instance the leaves of belladonna were found. Medicinal and aromatic plants industrial pro files. It is occasionally found in the wild with its parent species.
Although the genus mentha comprises more than 25 species, the most common one used is. Mentha aquatica water mint mentha arvensis wild mint. Itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties. Mint species and commercial and medicinal uses or weed. Here we will focus on spearmint, mentah spicata, and peppermint, mentha x piperita,1 the most frequently cultivated varietals. There are literally hundreds of mint plant varieties and far too many to name here. The genus mentha covers approximately 2530 species of which m. The plants database includes the following species of mentha. Members of the mentha genus are hardy perennial herbs that reach from 45 to 90 cm in height. Square stems, tiny hairs on stem, vertically stacked crunched flower bundles usually light purple, white or pink on top of. They are often used in cooking, herbal remedies, and for making teas. Like other members of the genus, it is best not used by pregnant women because large doses can cause an abortion. Dec, 2006 this makes mint the most economically important essential oil. This book presents an indepth look at the genus mentha, examining its history and production, as well as.
Two strains of trichoderma were tested for its effect on the growth and productivity of mint plants without. Corn mint, like many other members of this genus, is often used as a domestic herbal remedy, being valued especially for its antiseptic properties and its beneficial effect on the digestion. The genus mentha medicinal and aromatic plants industrial profiles book 44. The genus carum medicinal and aromatic plants industrial profiles by eva nemeth.
The plant list includes a further 1,334 scientific plant names of infraspecific rank for the genus mentha. It is commonly known as peppermint, brandy mint, candy mint, lamb mint, balm mint, vilayati pudina or. Mint diseases and pests, description, uses, propagation. The leaves are oblongelliptical to lanceolate, thinly to densely tomentose, green to greyish. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry analysis has shown that the main compounds within essential oil of m. The genus mentha belongs to the lamiaceae family and can be found in europe, africa, asia, australia, and north america.
Browse pictures and read growth cultivation information about mentha, apple mint, egyptian mint, roundleaved mint mentha x rotundifolia supplied by member gardeners in the plantfiles database. Hosted by the usgs core science analytics and synthesis. Keep reading for information on how to grow some of these different varieties of mint. Prospective of essential oils of the genus mentha as biopesticides. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading mint.
The yield and essential oil content of mint mentha ssp. However, a number of these mint types are commonly grown in the garden. The genus mentha includes 25 to 30 species that grow in the temperate regions of. Many hybrids and cultivars are known the genus has a subcosmopolitan distribution across europe.
The use of modern methods such as feeding with labeled precursors and gas chromatography to analyze the aromatic mint oils has provided new characters to assist the taxonomist in his classification. An overview of mentha arvensis production japanese mint or corn mint, mentha arvensis, is the source of a major raw material for the flavours and fragrances industry. The natural diversity of the oil composition among mentha spicata accessions is currently being investigated. Mint plants are mainly aromatic perennials and they possess erect, branching stems and oblong to ovate or lanceolate leaves arranged in opposing pairs on the stems. Page designed through the cooperative efforts of interagency itis teams. An updated overview on peppermint mentha piperita l. Phytochemical prospection, toxicity and antimicrobial.
The genus mentha medicinal and aromatic plants industrial profiles book 44 kindle edition by lawrence, brian m download it once and read it on your kindle device, pc, phones or tablets. They become pretty easy to recognize after a while. However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes. Pdf chemical composition and biological activities of. Lamiaceae is a family of flowering plants that comprises over 240 genera and 6,500 species worldwide. Prospective of essential oils of the genus mentha as. Mint types how to grow different varieties of mint.
Draft genome sequence of mentha longifolia and development. The genus mentha medicinal and aromatic plants industrial profiles. These mint clones with antioxidant potential can be utilized as an effective, low cost source of natural commercial antioxidants for medicinal purposes and food industry too, how kanatt, chander. Common names for plants from mentha include mint, pudding grass, chocolate mint, and pennyroyal. Indigenous to europe and the middle east, the plant is now widely spread and cultivated in many regions of the world.
The genus melaleuca medicinal and aromatic plants industrial profiles. Click below on a thumbnail map or name for species profiles. Lamiaceae is distributed all over the world and can be found in. Distillation provides mint oil, and further processing chilling provides menthol crystals and dementholised mint oil. Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. The plant list includes 1,086 scientific plant names of species rank for the genus mentha. Genus mentha species arvensis it is a native of temperate northern and western himalayas and kashmir at the altitude of 5,00010,000 ft. The genus mentha includes 25 to 30 species that grow in the temperate regions of eurasia, australia and south africa dorman et al. Most are native to europe and asia and have naturalized widely the spreading roots send up new plants that. A detection protocol for the virus has been developed, and the mint aphid ovatus crataegarius was able to transmit the virus in the presence of a helper virus but not from single infected plants. Mint and mint oil profile cornells ecommons cornell university. The high number of different taxonomic names attributed by the taxonomists during the past 200 years to the mint plants reflects a great morphological variation kokkini, 1991.
Mint growing gradually moved westward with the early settlers. The genus mentha is believed to have originated in the mediterranean. Most are native to europe and asia and have naturalized widely the spreading roots send up new plants that can quickly overtake other plants in the area. It has a creeping rhizome with straight to creeping stems 40120 cm in height. It is one of the 240 genera and belongs specifically to the mentha genus. Pdf an updated overview on peppermint mentha piperita l.
They flower in the summer with flowers of pink, white or purple. We do not intend the plant list to be complete for names of infraspecific rank. Studies were made into the yield and essential oil content of several mint species and the original. Library of congress cataloginginpublication data lawrence, brian m. Wild mint has some similarities to lycopus species, which also have opposite leaves, whorls of small flowers at the leaf nodes, and found in wet places. Species change change source mentha aquatica water mint or marsh mint. These are primarily included because names of species rank are. Mentha also known as mint, from greek mintha, linear b mita is a genus of plants in the family lamiaceae mint family. The genus mentha medicinal and aromatic plants industrial profiles, volume 44 brian m. More than any other genus of comparable size, mentha poses problems of identification and classification harley, 1973. Peppermint is a cross between spearmint and watermint, mentha aquatica. Mentha arvensis corn mint, wild mint, japanese peppermint, field mint, pudina hindi. Pineapple mint, mentha suaveolens variegata the genus mentha is a large group of plants in the mint family lamiaceae.
The general aim of the work was to examine the optimal conditions for cultivating mint in northern finland. Several viruses have been associated with disease symptoms in mint mentha spp. Spearmint, mentha spicata is an aromatic herb of the mint family, widely used for culinary purposes. This large group of plants has been used for cooking, beverages, candy, and as a strewing herb for centuries. Continuing in the esteemed tradition of the previous volumes in the medicinal and aromatic plant series, mint. Mentha mint is a genus of about 25 species and many hundreds of varieties of flowering plants in the family lamiaceae mint family. Media in category mentha the following 76 files are in this category, out of 76 total. The genus mentha presents an indepth look at the genus, providing information on its history, production, chemical constituents, market trends, and medicinal and. Mentha, apple mint, egyptian mint, roundleaved mint. The genus mentha medicinal and aromatic plants industrial.
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